Advaita Vedānta
India, Upaniṣadic exegetical tradition
The non-dual tradition understands the transcendental self as identical with Brahman. Knowledge of that identity is central to liberation.
Historical context
Advaita developed within the interpretive tradition of the Upaniṣads, the Bhagavad Gītā, and the Brahma Sūtras. Śaṅkara is central to its exposition and later philosophical reception.
Overview
The distinction between a person’s empirical traits and ātman helps explain the claim of identity with Brahman. Practices of discernment and detachment prepare inquiry into that identity.
Main claims
The non-dual tradition understands the transcendental self as identical with Brahman.
Permanent self
Advaita distinguishes the transcendental self from changing empirical states.
Interpretation for comparison · Advaita Vedānta · Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Clinging and suffering
Advaita practice calls for discerning the permanent from the impermanent and cultivating detachment from the fruits of action. Ignorance plays a role distinct from attachment in this account.
Interpretation for comparison · Advaita Vedānta · Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Debates and nuances
Ātman is distinct from an individual’s personality or memories. Vedānta schools disagree over its relationship with Brahman.
The assessment compares only the positions documented in this entry.